Empirical
Support for the JCM
The
JCM has generated a great deal of research. Extensive results
suggest that jobs high on the core job characteristics produce
higher motivation, satisfaction, and performance outcomes in employees.
For example, support for the model's utility can be found in a
comprehensive analysis of over 75 research studies that supported
many of the proposed relationships among the model's variables
(Fried and Ferris, 1986). An additional meta-analysis of research
on the Job Descriptive Survey (JDS), the instrument used to test
the JCM, (Loher, Noe, Moeller & Fitzgerald, 1985) found that
the best estimate of the correlation between core job characteristics
and job satisfaction is .39 (p < .05) and that employees high
in GNS have the most positive outcomes when their jobs are perceived
to be high on the core job characteristics in the JCM.
However, empirical findings also suggest the model warrants further
investigation. For example, the factor structure of the job dimensions
in the JCM has been found to vary, in some cases, by job population
and educational level of incumbent. Finally, there is growing
recognition that the utility of the model needs to be evaluated
with regard to distinct populations of working adults.
Research
Hypotheses
This
research is guided by a number of overarching hypotheses:
1.
The JCM or a modified version of the JCM will generalize to the
population of working adults with severe and persistent mental
illness.
2. Variables in the JCM or a modified version of the JCM will
suggest intervention and implementation strategies for improving
"matches" between jobs and persons who are currently
employed.
There are numerous specific hypotheses that will be tested within
these two broad hypotheses.
Research
Sites
The
research is being formally conducted in four research sites. Within
each site, the research team works primarily with one agency.
The research sites include Franklin County (The Center of Vocational
Alternatives, COVA); Montgomery County (Eastco, Inc.); Portage
County (the Kevin Coleman Center and Community Counseling Services,
Inc.); and Lucas County (Network, Inc., a division of the Zepf
Center).
Project
Phases
The
project is occurring in four phases over a five-year period. The
major goals and updates detailing progress (Phases I & II)
towards these goals are outlined below.
Phase I: Job Taxonomy Development Phase (year 1 and year
2)
Goals of this phase: To identify needed modifications to the JCM,
to develop measures and data gathering approaches for testing
the JCM, and to develop a preliminary JCM-based taxonomy for members
or subgroups of the target population.
Progress,
Phase I
•
Expansion of the JCM for the SPMI population following extensive
qualitative data gathered via interviews and focus groups involving
major stakeholder groups (consumers, mental health professionals,
and vocational rehabilitation professionals).
• Development of the Job Profile Questionnaire (JPQ), based
upon instruments that tap JCM constructs. Items were written to
be consistent with a third-grade reading level.
• JPQ versions were developed for consumers currently working
(JPQ - Current), and consumers who had recently worked, in which
the focal job is the last job held within the past six months
(JPQ - Last). A single JPQ version was developed for staff as
a companion to the consumer versions for current and last jobs.
Research
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